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John EM, Whittemore AS, Wu AH, Kolonel LN, Hislop TG, Howe GR, et al. Alcohol consumption, smoking, and other risk factors and prostate cancer in a large health plan cohort in California (United States). Hiatt RA, Armstrong MA, Klatsky AL, Sidney S. A retrospective cohort study of vasectomy and prostate cancer in US men. Giovannucci E, Tosteson TD, Speizer FE, Ascherio A, Vessey MP, Colditz GA. Vasectomy, cigarette smoking, and age at first sexual intercourse as risk factors for prostate cancer in middle-aged men. Honda GD, Bernstein L, Ross RK, Greenland S, Gerkins V, Henderson BE. The etiology of prostate cancer: what does the epidemiology suggest? Prostate. The 20th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation Scientific Retreat report. Demographics of vasectomy–USA and international. Vasectomy: the other (better) form of sterilization. From the current evidence, patients should be fully informed of the risk of prostate cancer before vasectomy.

This study found that vasectomy was associated with the risk of any prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer. There was no significant association between vasectomy and prostate cancer-specific mortality (risk ratio, 1.01, 95% CI, 0.93–1.10). Association between vasectomy and advanced prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.06, 95% CI, 1.01–1.12), low-grade prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.06, 95% CI, 1.02–1.10), and intermediate-grade prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.12, 95% CI, 1.03–1.22) were significant.

There was significant association of vasectomy with risk of any prostate cancer (risk ratio, 1.18, 95% CI, 1.07–1.31). ResultsĪ total of 58 studies involving 16,989,237 participants fulfilled inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Multivariable adjusted risk ratios (RRs) were used to assess each endpoint. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched inception to Mawithout year or language restriction. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate whether vasectomy is associated with prostate cancer based on the most comprehensive and up-to-date evidence available. The debate over the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer has been lasted about 40 years and there is no sign of stopping.